Systolic routing hardware: performance evaluation and optimization

The performance of maze-routing algorithms mapped onto linear systolic array hardware is examined. Cell expansions in the wavefront-expansion phase of maze routing are performed in parallel in each processing stage of the hardware as the routing grid streams through the processor array. The authors concentrate on optimizing the performance of single-net routing problems with respect to a given systolic hardware configuration. A heuristic called constant-increment framing is introduced as a simple method for scheduling all the required wavefront expansion steps on a pipeline of processors. One-layer and two-layer routers using this heuristic have been implemented on a prototype systolic processor. Experimental and theoretical comparisons suggest that the constant-increment heuristic exhibits performance within a factor of two of optimal over a range of hardware configurations, and is substantially easier to compute than the optimal solution