Voltage Control Models for Distribution Power Flow Analysis

This paper presents the development of mathematical models for a thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) for voltage regulator devices and for remote bus voltage controls that are suitable to be used with the three-phase current injection method (TCIM) for power flow calculation. TCIM is a Newton method where the equations are written in rectangular coordinates resulting in a 6n x 6n Jacobian matrix. The representation of a control device requires an augmented system of equations to incorporate the additional relationship between each control action and the controlled variable, resulting in an augmented Jacobian matrix. Practical distribution systems are tested and the effectiveness of the proposed formulation is demonstrated.