Envelope-following method to compute steady-state solutions of electrical circuits

The paper deals with the determination of the steady-state solution of both autonomous and nonautonomous circuits. Only time-domain methods are considered, and, in particular, the shooting (SH) and multishooting (MSH) ones. It is well known that one of their main drawbacks is the lack of convergence if they are not started from an initial guess "close enough" to the steady-state solution. To overcome this problem, we present an envelope-following method that efficiently brings the operating point of the circuit into the convergence region of the shooting (SH) and multishooting (MSH) algorithms.