A taxonomy of 2D and 3D face recognition methods

This paper presents an evaluation of the state-of-the-art face recognition using 2D, 3D and multimodal imagery methods. The twofold motivations are: (i) to provide the insight studies of automatic face recognition of 2D and 3D face imagery methods and (ii) to critically review the exiting 2D and 3D face recognition methods. Research trends to date are summarized, and challenges confronting the development of more accurate face recognition systems are identified. These challenges include the face recognition under unconstrained environment, such as variation in illumination, pose, facial expression, occlusion, and time delay.