Method for Measuring Dipole Parameters of Isolated Hearts and Muscles-Application to Frog Gastrocnemius

Resistor networks were developed to measure the magnitude, direction, and location of the resultant dipole moment of isolated hearts or muscles located at the center of a fluid-filled dish. With the network connected to the dish electrodes, these quantities could be determined from only four bipolar voltage measurements. Energized muscle strips were simulated by dipping pieces of metal of different lengths into the electrolyte. The resultant location was found to be midway between the centers of the two pieces, rather than at the gap between them.