New method for reactive power and energy measurement

The properties of an electronic reactive power and energy measurement method based on a frequency-controlled power-to-pulse-rate conversion are analyzed. The reactive power and energy measurements can be efficiently performed by using a simple integrating circuit as a phase shifter, and frequency-controlled analog-to-pulse-rate converter. A low value of the output pulse rate should not be considered as an inherent disadvantage of the method. By introducing a phase-locked loop in order to achieve high pulse-rate output, the benefit of high resolution is added to the method. The improved electronic structure for the measurement can be implemented in the design of reactive power and energy standards. For precision var-hour meters based on the proposed method, it is possible to have an efficient error-checking and adjustment procedure. The proposed method allows reactive power and energy measurement to be made in single- and poly-phase, symmetrical and unsymmetrical, and balanced and unbalanced networks