Linear and Nonlinear A/D, D/A, A/A Conversions Using the Dual-Slope Principle

New methods for precise linear and nonlinear A/D, A/A, and D/A transformations, based on the principle of the dual-slope conversion are proposed. These methods enable multiplication, exponential and logarithmic conversion, determination of nth roots, and the solution of polynomial equations to be performed during the conversion cycle.