Superimposed training and channel estimation for two-way relay networks

In this paper, the superimposed training strategy is introduced into the OFDM modulated amplify-and-forward (AF) two-way relay network (TWRN) to simplify the channel estimation at the destination, and the closed-form Bayesian Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) is derived for the estimation of block-fading frequency-selective channels, which is used to guide the optimal training design. Through the superposition of an additional training vector at the relay under certain power allocation scheme, the separated channel information can be obtained directly at the destination. The Bayesian CRLB is derived for the random channel parameters, and orthogonal training vectors from the two source nodes are required to keep the Bayesian CRLB practical, due to the self-interference in the TWRN. A set of training vectors obtained from the minimization of the Bayesian CRLB are applied in a specific suboptimal channel estimation algorithm, and the mean-square error (MSE) performance is provided to verify the Bayesian CRLB results.