Node movement stability and congestion aware Anycast Routing in Mobile Ad hoc Networks

Anycast is an important way of communication for Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) in terms of resources, robustness and efficiency for replicated service applications. Most of the anycast routing protocols for MANETs select unstable and congested intermediate nodes, thereby causing frequent path failures and packet losses. We propose Node movement Stability and Congestion aware Anycast Routing scheme in MANETs (NSCAR) that employs two models, namely (i) node movement stability model to identify stable nodes, and (ii) congestion model that considers congestion aware parameters like channel load and buffer occupancy. These models and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol are used in the route discovery process to select nearest k-servers that facilitate creation of stable paths from designated client to one of the nearest servers. A server among k-servers is selected based on route stability, channel load, hops, and server load. The simulation results indicate that proposed NSCAR demonstrates, reduction in control overheads, improvement in packet delivery ratio (PDR) and reduction in end-to-end delays compared to existing methods such as flooding and load balanced service discovery.