Theoretical and numerical analysis of the resonant behaviour of the Minkowski fractal dipole antenna

The resonant behaviour and the size reduction capabilities of the Minkowski fractal dipole antenna are investigated. The antenna is analysed at each resonant frequency by considering the radiation efficiency and the fractional bandwidth. Besides, a method for deriving the approximate positions of the resonant frequencies of the Minkowski dipole at each fractal iteration is proposed. The presented analysis is based on the inductive circuit model and is validated by simulations. Moreover, in order to quantify the advantages provided by the Minkowski geometry, the proposed study performs a comparison with the generalised Koch dipole in terms of fractal dimension and lacunarity.