Miniature Implantable Tantalum/Tantalum Oxide Stimulating Electrodes

Methods for fabricating miniature capacitor-type Ta/Ta2O5 stimulating electrodes suitable for intracortical implantation were developed. In vitro studies have shown them to be stable for over 1000 h of continuous pulsing. An in vivo study performed elsewhere has reported that they are safe, effective, and more stable than conventional metallic electrodes.