Coarse-Grid Higher Order Finite-Difference Time-Domain Algorithm With Low Dispersion Errors

Higher order (2,4) FDTD schemes used for numerical solutions of Maxwell´s equations are focused on diminishing the truncation errors caused by the Taylor series expansion of the spatial derivatives. These schemes use a larger computational stencil, which generally makes use of the two constant coefficients, C₁ and C₂, for the four-point central-difference operators. In this paper we propose a novel way to diminish these truncation errors, in order to obtain more accurate numerical solutions of Maxwell´s equations. For such purpose, we present a method to individually optimize the pair of coefficients, C₁ and C₂, based on any desired grid size resolution and size of time step. Particularly, we are interested in using coarser grid discretizations to be able to simulate electrically large domains. The results of our optimization algorithm show a significant reduction in dispersion error and numerical anisotropy for all modeled grid size resolutions. Numerical simulations of free-space propagation verifies the very promising theoretical results. The model is also shown to perform well in more complex, realistic scenarios.