Finding the Tuning Curve of a CMOS—LC VCO

Author

Buonomo, Antonio ; Schiavo, Alessandro Lo

Author_Institution

Dipt. di Ing. dell´´Inf., Seconda Univ. degli Studi di Napoli, Aversa

Volume

55

Issue

9

fYear

2008

Firstpage

887

Lastpage

891

Abstract

A nonlinear perturbation model of a complementary LC-tuned voltage-controlled oscillator is derived, which consists of two mutually-coupled second-order differential equations. The first-order approximate periodic solution of the describing equations is found, obtaining closed-form expressions for both the amplitude and the harmonics of oscillation, as well as for the correction of the oscillation frequency due to the nonlinear effect of varactors. This allows us to find the tuning curve in explicit form. The accuracy of presented formulas was validated by circuit simulations.

Keywords

CMOS analogue integrated circuits; approximation theory; circuit tuning; differential equations; perturbation techniques; varactors; voltage-controlled oscillators; CMOS-LC VCO; circuit simulations; first-order approximate periodic solution; mutually-coupled second-order differential equations; nonlinear perturbation model; oscillation frequency correction; tuning curve; varactors; voltage-controlled oscillator; Analog integrated circuits; nonlinear analysis; oscillators; sensitivity analysis; tuning curve; varactors; voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs);

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, IEEE Transactions on

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

1549-7747

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/TCSII.2008.923422

Filename

4530754