A rigorous method for computation of ferrite toroidal phase shifters

Coupled-wave theory is used to calculate the performance of twin-toroidal phase shifters. Computation results show that this method is effective, rather simple, and easy to handle. In comparison with the single-toroid phase shifter, the twin-toroidal model´s phase shift is considerably larger and its production is simpler. The wires carrying magnetizing currents are located in the weak microwave electric field area. Hence, their influence on the performance of the phase shifter is negligible; this also facilitates production. The loss factors of these two kinds of toroid phase shifters are about the same. Experimental results are in good agreement with theoretical analysis. On this basis, it is concluded that coupled-wave theory is a powerful method for treating electromagnetic problems of waveguides loaded with magnetized ferrites