Markov Process Analysis of PCM Line Monitors

In PCM transmission systems, ensuring repeater timing and regenerative capabilities requires monitored enforcement of the ones density of the line waveform. One possible corrective monitor action is to pre-empt information bits and insert ones when necessary, and thus introduce errors into the pulse stream. The analysis of the resultant error rates for classes of digital and analog implementations of a PCM monitor is accomplished via theoretical consideration of certain stationary Markov processes.