Title :
Analytical design of X-couplers
Author :
Dürr, Florian ; Renner, Hagen
Author_Institution :
Ecole Polytech. Fed. de Lausanne, Switzerland
Abstract :
Symmetric X-couplers are analyzed using the supermode approach. Constraints for lossless propagation are presented. A simple analytic approximation for the total accumulated phase difference of the supermodes is found that enables the calculation of the coupling ratio of arbitrary symmetric X-couplers. Good agreement is found between results obtained with the proposed method and data calculated using a beam-propagation method. The impact of several design parameters on the coupling ratio is discussed. Due to the simplicity of the structure, X-couplers are well suited for being realized by direct light-writing techniques.
Keywords :
integrated optics; optical couplers; optical design techniques; optical losses; optical waveguide theory; X-couplers; beam-propagation method; coupling ratio; lossless propagation; supermode phase difference; Couplers; High speed optical techniques; Optical devices; Optical modulation; Optical planar waveguides; Optical waveguide theory; Optical waveguides; Planar waveguides; Propagation losses; Ultrafast optics; Integrated optics; optical planar waveguide couplers; optical waveguide theory; ultraviolet (UV)-written waveguides;
Journal_Title :
Lightwave Technology, Journal of
DOI :
10.1109/JLT.2004.838866
