Optimal power flow solutions using the gradient projection method. II. Modelling of the power system equations

For pt.I see ibid., vol.137, pt.C, no.6, p.424 (1990). The authors look at the application of nonlinear programming particularly the gradient projection method (GPM), to optimal power flow (OPF) problems. Four objectives are chosen to illustrate the flexibility of the method with respect to the analytical formulation: the active power dispatch; the active power transmission loss minimisation; the minimisation of the weighted reactive power injection; and the complete active-reactive power dispatch. Results from the application of the proposed technique to five power systems, including a practical network, are used to assess its performance. These demonstrate that this approach is quite competitive with other methods, and is superior in many ways