Title :
On distributed Raman amplification for ultrabroad-band long-haul WDM systems
Author :
Perlin, Victor E. ; Winful, Herbert G.
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electr. Eng. & Comput. Sci., Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor, MI, USA
fDate :
3/1/2002 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
We present an analysis and design method for multiwavelength pumped fiber Raman amplifiers for massive wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems with signal bandwidths of 10 to 12 THz and a very large number of channels. We solve self-consistently the optimal design problem for backward-pumped distributed Raman amplifiers with special gain profiles that compensate for the Raman tilt and wavelength-dependent fiber loss. We study the noise performance of these optimally designed amplifiers and address the issues of multispan amplification for long-haul transmission of such broadband signals
Keywords :
genetic algorithms; inverse problems; iterative methods; laser noise; optical communication equipment; optical crosstalk; optical fibre amplifiers; optical fibre losses; stimulated Raman scattering; superradiance; wavelength division multiplexing; 10 to 12 THz; ASE noise accumulation; Raman tilt; Stokes spontaneous Raman scattering; anti-Stokes spontaneous Raman scattering; attenuation spectrum; backward propagation iterations; backward-pumped Raman amplifiers; coupled nonlinear equations; distributed Raman amplification; gain profiles; genetic algorithm; inverse problem; massive wavelength division multiplexing systems; multiple pump waves; multispan amplification; multiwavelength pumped fiber Raman amplifiers; noise performance; optical crosstalk; optical fiber losses; optimal design method; performance analysis; signal-to-signal Raman scattering; stimulated Raman scattering; ultrabroadband long-haul WDM systems; very large number of channels; wavelength-dependent fiber loss; Bandwidth; Crosstalk; Design methodology; Distributed amplifiers; Optical fiber amplifiers; Optical fibers; Optical noise; Raman scattering; Stimulated emission; Wavelength division multiplexing;
Journal_Title :
Lightwave Technology, Journal of
