DocumentCode
1263615
Title
The earliest solid-state digital computers
Author
Harris, James R.
Author_Institution
8 Dogwood Lane, Rumson, NJ, USA
Volume
21
Issue
4
fYear
1999
Firstpage
49
Lastpage
54
Abstract
In the years before 1947, many, if not most, engineers had the idea that it was physically impossible for a solid to amplify electrical signals. After Bell Labs demonstrated that this idea was wrong, how would engineers and managers go about bringing the new amplifying device up to the level of usability of the vacuum tube? How would its unique characteristics be exploited? How would we convince the armed forces that this device could meet their demanding applications? Why did the early transistors lend themselves well to computing circuits and lend themselves poorly to linear amplification? What was the origin of practices such as temperature cycling and burn-in that became widespread in later years? How did Astounding Science Fiction Magazine play a role? How was information exchanged with universities and government organizations? How were project managers chosen and how did they manage? Some of the answers are found in these memoirs recalling J.A. Morton´s Signal Corps project and J.H. Felker´s TRADIC Phase I computer project
Keywords
DP industry; digital computers; history; research and development management; transistors; Astounding Science Fiction Magazine; Bell Labs; Signal Corps project; TRADIC Phase I computer project; amplifying device; armed forces; burn-in; computing circuits; earliest solid-state digital computers; electrical signal amplification; engineers; government organizations; project managers; temperature cycling; transistors; universities; vacuum tube; Educational institutions; Electron tubes; Engineering management; Government; Military computing; Project management; Solid state circuits; Temperature; Transistors; Usability;
fLanguage
English
Journal_Title
Annals of the History of Computing, IEEE
Publisher
ieee
ISSN
1058-6180
Type
jour
DOI
10.1109/85.801532
Filename
801532
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