Power Mismatch Detection and Estimation for Emergency Control

This paper considers one aspect of the problem of the control of power systems in an emergency state exhibiting a severe viability crisis, and characterized by large load/generation imbalances. The proposed centralized control strategy resulting in structural action on demand/generation is based on fast detection and estimation of a power imbalance in an area of the power system. The use of a low-order dynamic observer is proposed to estimate the magnitude of the imbalance using locally available measurements of frequency and tie-line power flows. Guidelines for the design of the proposed observer are presented and illustrated in the practical and important example of an interconnected power system model.