An 8-Element Printed V-Shaped Circular Antenna Array for Power-Based Vehicular Localization

The design of an eight-element array of V-shaped circular printed antennas for vehicular localization is presented. The proposed antenna operates in the 2.5-GHz band with a measured bandwidth (BW) of approximately 240 MHz. The simulation results and the field measurements of a fabricated array show a high degree of correlation. For a thorough understanding of the antenna operation, parametric sweeps are conducted to investigate the effect of the various antenna parameters on its resonance frequency and operating BW. The effect of mounting the antenna array on the rooftops of vehicles is investigated, specifically its effect on the half-power beamwidth (HPBW) and maximum gain. These results are based on measurements conducted at an outdoor antenna range facility.