A simulation tool for the AC-DC transfer difference of thermal converters at low frequencies

To find the reason for the AC-DC transfer differences of the planar multijunction thermal converter (PMJTC) at low frequencies, where temperature oscillation is present due to the lack of integration of the oscillating Joule heat, the coupled electro-thermal mathematical problem has been solved. The dynamic nonlinear model includes the temperature dependence of all material parameters, of heat conduction through the air and radiation losses. The results of the simulation are compared with those of measurements using a sampling voltmeter with special software as a reference. A new design is proposed to improve the performance of the PMJTC at low frequencies