Invariance Principles Allowing of Non-Lyapunov Functions for Estimating Attractor of Discrete Dynamical Systems

This technical note establishes several versions of invariance principles for describing the eventual dynamical behaviors of discrete dynamical systems. Instead of the requirement of the so-called Lyapunov functions in the classical LaSalle invariance principle, some more relaxed conditions are imported. The established invariance principles thus can be applied to a more general class of discrete dynamical systems for classifying their orbits into two categories based on the eventual dynamical behaviors, and the proposed classification scheme is suitable for theoretically and numerically estimating the local or global attractors produced by the discrete dynamical systems. The practical usefulness of the analytical results is verified by systematically investigating several representative discrete systems.