Instantaneous companding and expressing: a dual approach to linear integrator synthesis

The authors draw together work on log-domain and companding integrators and show that from an implementation perspective, there actually exists four integrator types. The concept of instantaneous expressing as the antithesis of the recent instantaneous companding integrator is introduced and it is shown that theoretically, both integrators should result in the same linearisation. The discussion is appropriate to both BJT and MOS technology