Title :
Accurate three-dimensional modal solutions for optical resonators with periodic layered structure by using the finite element method
Author :
Mahmood, Noman ; Rahman, B. M Azizur ; Grattan, Kenneth T V
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electr. Electron. & Inf. Eng., City Univ., London, UK
fDate :
1/1/1998 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
Accurate vector finite element solutions for three-dimensional (3-D) axisymmetric multilayered optical cavities are presented. Resonating wavelength and field profiles are shown for the fundamental and higher order modes for different types of optical cavities. The work has shown that for a narrow multilayered cylinder of diameter ⩽0.5 μm, for miniature vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSEL), which is a popular class of laser showing favorable performance characteristics, the effect of waveguide dispersion is an important factor. This causes a blue shift of the output wavelength, requiring an adjustment to the layer thickness in the system design, to achieve the desired wavelength. The results of the simulation show close agreement with features obtained through experimental investigations
Keywords :
finite element analysis; laser cavity resonators; laser modes; laser theory; optical design techniques; optical films; semiconductor device models; semiconductor lasers; spectral line shift; surface emitting lasers; 0.5 mum; 3D axisymmetric multilayered optical cavities; VCSEL; accurate three-dimensional modal solutions; accurate vector finite element solutions; blue shift; desired wavelength; favorable performance characteristics; field profiles; finite element method; higher order modes; layer thickness; miniature vertical cavity surface emitting lasers; narrow multilayered cylinder; optical cavities; optical resonators; output wavelength; periodic layered structure; system design; waveguide dispersion; Finite element methods; Laser modes; Optical resonators; Optical surface waves; Optical waveguides; Stimulated emission; Surface emitting lasers; Surface waves; Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers; Waveguide lasers;
Journal_Title :
Lightwave Technology, Journal of
