Design and Characterization of a Wi-Fi Loop Antenna Suitable for in Vivo Experiments

Author

Merla, Caterina ; Paffi, Alessandra ; D´Attis, A. ; Pinto, R. ; Liberti, Micaela ; Lovisolo, G.A. ; Apollonio, Francesca

Author_Institution

Italian Nat. Agency for New Technol., Energy, & Sustainable Econ. Dev. (ENEA), Italian Inter-Univ. Centre for the Study of Electromagn. Fields & Bio-Syst. (ICEmB), Rome, Italy

Volume

10

fYear

2011

fDate

7/3/1905 12:00:00 AM

Firstpage

896

Lastpage

899

Abstract

The large diffusion of wireless networks in houses and public environments, as well as the emerging use of VoIP phones, has entailed the need of new bio-experiments around the frequency of 2450 MHz. In this letter, a loop antenna for localized exposure of the head of small animals is designed, fabricated, and measured. The antenna design and optimization were performed theoretically and with numerical simulations. The optimized antenna was fabricated and experimentally characterized in terms of radiation diagrams and specific absorption rate (SAR) distribution inside a cubic phantom filled with an equivalent biological medium. An excellent agreement of SAR statistics on 10 g between simulation and measurement was found with an optimum SAR homogeneity (near 90%) and an efficiency value higher than 9 W/kg/W.

Keywords

Internet telephony; antenna radiation patterns; biological effects of radiation; dosimetry; loop antennas; optimisation; radio networks; wireless LAN; SAR distribution; SAR homogeneity; SAR statistics; VoIP phones; antenna design; bio-experiments; cubic phantom; equivalent biological medium; houses; in vivo experiments; optimization; optimized antenna; public environments; radiation diagrams; specific absorption rate distribution; wi-fi loop antenna; wireless networks; Antenna feeds; Antenna measurements; Biology; IEEE 802.11 Standards; In vivo; Slotline; Bioelectromagnetic experiments; Wi-Fi frequencies; loop antenna; numerical and experimental dosimetry;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

1536-1225

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/LAWP.2011.2166050

Filename

5999694