Continuous-wave single-sampling-point characterisation of optoelectronic on-chip terahertz transceiver

Fast electro-optic modulation of the terahertz phase, single-sampling-point lock-in detection and the use of interdigitated-finger photomixers improve the dynamic range of the transceiver by several orders of magnitude compared with standard chopping techniques. This allowed the frequency range of the continuous-wave on-chip terahertz transceiver to be extended beyond 1 THz, which is roughly a factor of five improvement compared to previous reports.