A method for watermarking on facial images

Most digital images that are photographed by using smartphones are a facial image that widely published in a social network. These images may be used by using cropping a face that is without permission. This paper proposes a digital image watermarking method in the spatial domain for protection a copyright on the facial image. The face in an image will be evaluated by using phase correlation technique for embedding the watermark. A binary watermark logo is defined to embed in a facial region. Pixels for embedding the watermark are predicted and altered based on the Weber ratio to control the strength of the watermark. Our method does not require an original image to extract the watermark logo. An extracted watermark is computed by subtracting the watermarked pixel with its predicted pixel. The experimental results showed that our method yielded high similarity of the watermark logo when a watermarked image was attacked by the cropping attack and the JPEG compression.