Secondary Transceiver Design in the Presence of Frequency Offset between Primary and Secondary Systems

When both primary and secondary systems are orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulated and are non-cooperative, carrier frequency offset between the systems is inevitable to cause harmful interference. In this paper, we jointly optimize secondary transceivers assuming that the frequency offset between the secondary transmitter (ST) and the primary receiver (PR) and different channel information from the ST to the PR are known at the ST. We first derive unified interference constraints and obtain the secondary transceivers minimizing the mean square error through convex optimization techniques. We then derive closed-form transceivers for several special cases to reveal the impact of the frequency offset on the secondary transceivers. We show that when there is no frequency offset between the ST and the PR, the optimal processing at the ST is power allocation. Otherwise, both power allocation and precoding are necessary. The impact of the frequency offset on the performance of both systems increases as the interference constraints become tighter and the bandwidth of the primary system becomes smaller. When the proposed transceivers are used, the performance of the secondary system is robust to the frequency offset and the performance of the primary system degrades little due to the remanent frequency offset.