Title :
A new small nano-Kelvin resolution thermometer for low-temperature experiments
Author :
Welander, Paul ; Barmatz, Martin ; Hahn, Inseob
Author_Institution :
Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Technol., Pasadena, CA, USA
fDate :
4/1/2000 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
A small, high-resolution paramagnetic susceptibility thermometer was developed using a GdCl3 paramagnetic salt. The device uses a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer to determine the temperature dependent magnetization of the salt in a magnetic field. The magnetic field is provided by a pair of small samarium cobalt permanent magnet disks situated inside the thermometer housing. This eliminates the need for a heavy, charging solenoid used in a conventional SQUID-based magnetic thermometer system. This thermometer can resolve approximately 10-9 K near the liquid-gas critical point of 3He (~3.31 K). The drift rate of the thermometer was measured to be <2×10-13 K/s. This light weight thermometer (~7 g) is a candidate for use in future low-temperature Space Shuttle and International Space Station experiments
Keywords :
SQUID magnetometers; aerospace instrumentation; low-temperature techniques; magnetic field measurement; magnetisation; paramagnetic materials; temperature measurement; thermometers; 1 Hz; 3.31 K; 7 g; GdCl3; GdCl3 paramagnetic salt; International Space Station experiments; SQUID; charging solenoid; drift rate; high-resolution; light weight thermometer; low-temperature Space Shuttle; low-temperature experiments; magnetization; nano-Kelvin resolution thermometer; paramagnetic susceptibility thermometer; samarium cobalt permanent magnet disks; superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer; Cobalt; Interference; Magnetic fields; Magnetization; Paramagnetic materials; SQUID magnetometers; Samarium; Superconducting devices; Superconducting magnets; Temperature dependence;
Journal_Title :
Instrumentation and Measurement, IEEE Transactions on
