Generation of Plasma Using Capillary Discharge in Water

This paper is focused on providing a facile method for the production of underwater plasma by a capillary discharge in water. The underwater plasma is formed from a tungsten electrode inserted in a narrow dielectric capillary, showing the breakdown of water vapor in the capillary. This mainly produces atomic oxygen, atomic hydrogen, and hydroxyl radicals from the dissociation of water vapor, revealing different plasma species when the capillary electrode serves as the anode or the cathode.