Linear Characteristics of a Metal–Insulator Transition Voltage and Oscillation Frequency in $\hbox {VO}_{2}$ Devices

In order to apply a VO₂ metal-insulator transition (MIT) device to a temperature sensor with temperature and voltage, we measure the linear characteristic of the MIT voltage for a VO₂-based device when a pulse voltage of 10 μs is applied to the device to reduce Joule heat. Moreover, the MIT oscillation frequency and the infrared-induced MIT voltage also are linear with temperature. The linear characteristic may come from the breakdown of an energy gap by excitation.