Observability and Performance Analysis of Bi/Multi-Static Doppler-Only Radar

Bi/multi-static radars using cooperative or noncooperative transmitters have attracted wide attention. This paper analyzes the method of locating a moving target from corrupted Doppler frequency measurements obtained by single or multiply receivers located together and with corresponding cooperative or noncooperative transmitters distributing in remote places. Both the observability requirements in two dimensions and the expressions for the Cramér-Rao bound are derived. Further analysis with simulation results reveals the relationship between the performance and the number of transmitters and the sensitivity between the performance and the time integration. It is shown that the bi/multi-static radars can exploit only Doppler information to locate a moving target effectively.