Redesign of the automatic generation control scheme in the Swiss power system

Demand side and energy storage participation can increase the liquidity of ancillary service markets and can have advantages such as faster response than conventional units when they paricipate in the automatic generation control (AGC). Unfortunately, demand and storage units have operational constraints comprising power, energy and on/off duty-cycles. One solution to overcome these limitations is to split the AGC signal into (a) a component which has low ramp rate requirements but does not ensure energy neutral behavior, and (b) a component with high ramp rate requirements but short duration in any direction. This paper presents two methodologies which are implementable in real-time operation and evaluates the requirements in the AGC signal of the Swiss power system. The applied methodologies comprise filtering techniques and an optimization setup. Time domain simulations show that the control performance is at least equal to the current performance level in all cases examined.