Comparison of design concepts for AC low voltage distribution networks

The progression of embedded generation in distribution networks combined with an expanding use of electricity for mobility, heating and air conditioning leads to an increased loading of the distribution networks. These incoming challenges and their consequences make us reflect whether it is reasonable to retain the present design concepts and paradigms. The paper analyzes the required capabilities of the future low voltage distribution networks, expressing them in terms of demand and coincidence of the demand. Based on these requirements, various design concept scenarios are developed and tested on an exemplary network topology. Rather than adjusting the cross section of the cables or adding substations to the network (to reduce the distance between substations and delivery points), the nominal voltage and the voltage tolerance range are varied. This basic investigation forms the evolution paths for low voltage distribution systems and provides a platform for further discussion. A change in design paradigms is laborious, but a well prepared transition of the systems´ design concepts has the potential to be a more economical solution than the unquestioned use of aged design concepts.