Author :
Tziouvaras, Demetrios A. ; McLaren, Peter ; Alexander, George ; Dawson, Douglas ; Esztergalyos, Jules ; Fromen, Charles ; Glinkowski, M. ; Hasenwinkle, Irwin ; Kezunovic, Mladen ; Kojovic, Ljubomir ; Kotheimer, Bill ; Kuffel, Richard ; Nordstrom, Jerry ;
Abstract :
This paper reviews a number of mathematical models used to represent the nonlinear behavior of the magnetic core of instrument transformers. Models of instrument transformers using these core representations are presented. The transient response of the instrument transformer is compared to actual test results recorded in the laboratory. The paper provides practical guidelines as to which of the physical elements of instrument transformers are important to model during transient studies and which elements could be ignored without sacrificing the accuracy of the simulation results. The electromagnetic transients program (EMTP) data files used to generate the models are also provided in the appendix to help new EMTP users model instrument transformers for evaluation of high-speed protective relaying systems
Keywords :
EMTP; current transformers; instrument transformers; potential transformers; power engineering computing; transformer cores; transient response; EMTP data files; computer simulation; core representations; coupling capacitor voltage transformers; current transformers; electromagnetic transients program; high-speed protective relaying systems; instrument transformers; mathematical models; nonlinear magnetic core behaviour; transient response; transient studies; voltage transformers; Capacitors; EMTP; Electromagnetic modeling; Instrument transformers; Magnetic cores; Mathematical model; Testing; Transformer cores; Transient response; Voltage;
