Toward intelligent machining: hierarchical fuzzy control for the end milling process

The difficulties in implementing adaptive and other advanced control schemes in industrial machining processes have encouraged researchers to combine the utilization of one hierarchical level, a fuzzy control algorithm, and robust sensing systems. The main idea of this paper deals with self-regulating controllers (SRCs). The control signal´s scaling factor (output scaling factor) is self-regulated during the control process, and it can assure the optimum gain setting for the hierarchical fuzzy controller. An important role in this strategy is performed by a robust sensing system based on current sensors. For comparison, the CNC-PLC´s own control loops, a hierarchical fuzzy controller based on look-up tables, and the hierarchical fuzzy controller with a self-regulating output scaling factor GC are studied. The performances of these controllers are compared. The results indicate that the hierarchical fuzzy controller with a self-regulating output scaling factor yields the best performances among them. The index known as the metal removal rate is increased, and the in-process time is reduced by 50%. Thus, higher production rates are obtained. The hierarchical fuzzy controller is equipped with three basic requirements: flexibility, low cost, and compatibility with any CNC manufacturer