Title :
A statistical basis for lognormal shadowing effects in multipath fading channels
Author :
Coulson, Alan J. ; Williamson, Allan G. ; Vaughan, Rodney G.
Author_Institution :
Commun. Team, Ind. Res. Ltd., Lower Hutt, New Zealand
fDate :
4/1/1998 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
Empirical justifications for the lognormal, Rayleigh and Suzuki (1977) probability density functions in multipath fading channels are examined by quantifying the rates of convergence of the central limit theorem (CLT) for the addition and multiplication of random variables. The accuracy of modeling the distribution of rays which experience multiple reflections/diffractions between transmitter and receiver as lognormal is quantified. In addition, it is shown that the vector sum of lognormal rays, such as in a narrow-band signal envelope, may best be approximated as being either Rayleigh, lognormal or Suzuki distributed depending on the fading channel conditions. These conditions are defined statistically
Keywords :
Rayleigh channels; electromagnetic wave diffraction; electromagnetic wave reflection; fading; land mobile radio; log normal distribution; multipath channels; radiowave propagation; statistical analysis; Rayleigh distribution; Rayleigh probability density function; Suzuki distribution; Suzuki probability density function; addition; central limit theorem; convergence rates; lognormal distribution; lognormal probability density function; lognormal rays; mobile radio; multipath fading channels; multipath propagation; multiple reflections/diffractions; multiplication; narrow-band signal envelope; normal shadowing effects; random variables; rays distribution; receiver; statistical basis; transmitter; vector sum; Convergence; Fading; Narrowband; Power system reliability; Probability density function; Probability distribution; Random variables; Rayleigh channels; Shadow mapping; Working environment noise;
Journal_Title :
Communications, IEEE Transactions on
