Title :
Currents of change
Author :
Holttinen, Hannele ; Orths, Antje G. ; Eriksen, Peter Børre ; Hidalgo, Jorge ; Estanqueiro, Ana ; Groome, Frank ; Coughlan, Yvonne ; Neumann, Hendrik ; Lange, Bernhard ; Hulle, F. ; Dudurych, Ivan
Author_Institution :
VTT Tech. Res. Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
Abstract :
The power systems in Denmark, Portugal, Spain, Ireland, and Germany have some of the highest wind penetrations in the world, as shown in the paper. In this article, the situations of five countries with high wind penetration are briefly presented, with special emphasis given to their future needs with respect to accommodating targeted wind power amounts. The final section provides an overview of offshore grid developments and plans in Europe.
Keywords :
offshore installations; power grids; wind power plants; Denmark; Europe; Germany; Ireland; Portugal; Spain; offshore grid developments; power systems; wind penetrations; wind power amounts; Power markets; Power systems planning; Real time systems; Wind energy generation; Wind forecasting; Wind power generation;
Journal_Title :
Power and Energy Magazine, IEEE
DOI :
10.1109/MPE.2011.942351
