Economic dispatch with deliverable ramping capability constraint for high wind penetration

Ramping products are planned or in effect in multiple power markets overseen by independent system operators (ISOs) in the United States (US). They are intended to provide flexibility in security-constrained economic dispatch, given higher uncertainty in net load (load minus non-dispatchable renewable power) due to higher wind penetration. When conventional generators respond to unforeseen wind ramps, transmission congestion can arise. In such situations, reserves may not be deliverable as power across the network. This paper presents an extension of the original Midcontinent Independent System Operator (MISO) ramping capability formulation. The key characteristic of this proposed deliverable ramping capability formulation is that it recognizes the magnitude of net load uncertainty by location. An example is given in which the economic dispatch with deliverable ramping capability avoids congestion.