Centralized spatial and temporal decomposition charging strategy for electric vehicles: A bi-level optimization approach

This paper proposed a centralized charging strategy for electric vehicles based on bi-level optimization. The objectives are to distribute the electric vehicles charging load more uniformly from both temporal and spatial perspective. In the upper problem, the whole fleet was controlled to coordinated with the given load profile; in the lower problem, electric vehicles in each subarea were controlled to balance the load between different subareas. The proposed bi-level charging strategy was solved by game theory approach as the combination optimization nature of both level problems. The effectiveness of the proposed charging strategy is demonstrated by the simulation results obtained.