Differential Evolution Algorithm for Security-Constrained Energy and Reserve Optimization Considering Credible Contingencies

Reserve services are an essential part of a standard market design and are under development in major electricity markets. This paper presents the development of differential evolution algorithm for optimal allocation of energy and spinning reserve. The optimization is performed in an integrated market with biddable spinning reserve and sectional price offer curves while considering all security and power systems constraints in steady state and system credible contingencies. The effectiveness of the proposed method is examined by application of the proposed algorithm on the IEEE 30-bus test system. Some comparisons are made with analytical and evolutionary methods in various cases.