Title :
Influence of land-cover category on brightness temperature of snow
Author :
Kurvonen, Lauri ; Hallikainen, Martti
Author_Institution :
Lab. of Space Technol., Helsinki Univ. of Technol., Espoo, Finland
fDate :
3/1/1997 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
A helicopter-borne multifrequency radiometer (24, 34, 48 and 94 GHz vertical polarization) was used to investigate the behavior of the brightness temperature of snow in Sodankyla (latitude: 67.41 N, longitude: 26.58 E), Northern Finland. The measurements were carried out during dry snow, wet snow, and snow-free conditions. The angle of incidence was 45° in all measurements. The measurements and the main results are presented. The analysis is focused on the effect of vegetation and land type on the brightness temperature of snow. The main topics of this paper are: (a) the general behavior of the brightness temperature of snow for different land types, (b) the effect of forest vegetation on the brightness temperature of snow, and (c) the capability of the radiometer system to monitor snow extent in forests during the melting period
Keywords :
hydrological techniques; microwave measurement; millimetre wave measurement; radiometry; remote sensing; snow; 24 GHz; 34 GHz; 48 GHz; 94 GHz; EHF; Finland; SHF; Sodankyla; brightness temperature; dry snow; forest; hydrology; incidence angle; land surface; land type; land-cover category; measurement technique; microwave radiometry; millimetre wave radiometry; millimetric radiometry; mm wave; multifrequency radiometry; remote sensing; snow cover; snow-free conditions; snowcover; vegetation; wet snow; Brightness temperature; Frequency; Microwave radiometry; Polarization; Remote monitoring; Satellite broadcasting; Snow; Space technology; Spatial resolution; Vegetation;
Journal_Title :
Geoscience and Remote Sensing, IEEE Transactions on
