Title :
Analysis of metal-interlaced-grating vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers using the modal method by modal expansion
Author :
Ju, Young-Gu ; Ser, Jung-Hoon ; Lee, Yong-Hee
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Phys., Korea Adv. Inst. of Sci. & Technol., Seoul, South Korea
fDate :
4/1/1997 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
It is analyzed by the modal method by modal expansion (MMME) that the strong polarization discrimination of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) can be effectively obtained by using the metal-interlaced grating on the topmost layer of the VCSEL. The MMME is used to overcome the problems coming from the large permittivity discontinuities at GaAs-Al-air-Al interfaces. The analyses predict the correct direction of dominant polarization and the mode-suppression ratio. The calculated transmission efficiencies explain the characteristics of the VCSEL´s below threshold. It is found that the difference in phase and amplitude between the two orthogonal polarization generated by the grating plays important roles for the selection of a dominant polarization through mirror reflectivities and mirror losses. In addition, the influence of various thin metal layers on polarization stabilization is demonstrated
Keywords :
III-V semiconductors; aluminium; diffraction gratings; distributed Bragg reflector lasers; gallium arsenide; laser cavity resonators; laser mirrors; laser modes; optical losses; reflectivity; semiconductor lasers; surface emitting lasers; GaAs-Al; GaAs-Al-air-Al interfaces; VCSEL; dominant polarization; metal-interlaced grating; metal-interlaced-grating vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers; mirror losses; mirror reflectivities; modal expansion; modal method; modal method by modal expansion; mode-suppression ratio; orthogonal polarization; permittivity discontinuities; polarization discrimination; polarization stabilization; thin metal layers; transmission efficiencies; vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser; Anisotropic magnetoresistance; Geometrical optics; Gratings; Laser modes; Optical polarization; Reflectivity; Semiconductor laser arrays; Stimulated emission; Surface emitting lasers; Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers;
Journal_Title :
Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of
