Plug-in span pad and artificial line units for use on n and on carrier

THE LOS ANGELES AREA has had a tremendous population increase in a very short period of time. With the additional population, industry and housing projects increased. There has also been a greater decentralization than ever before. Consequently, this has put great demands on the telephone companies to supply initial service and to cope with changing types of service demanded by major customers. The growth of population and the greater use of the telephone by customers required more traffic circuits between offices, while the decentralization of industry demands more private line circuits carrying speech and data. Short-haul carrier systems of the N- or ON-type introduced into the Bell System have been employed to provide some relief. This paper describes a development, introduced by the Los Angeles Engineering Department of the Pacific Telephone and Telegraph Company, affording the N and ON equipment greater flexibility. This has now been adopted throughout the entire Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Company.