Solving 3D eddy current problems using second order nodal and edge elements

Several second order nodal and edge elements have been applied in a potential formulation to solve 3D eddy current problems. The asymmetry of the facet related functions in the edge element basis is discussed. A new basis is proposed. Application of a gauge condition for the uniqueness of vector potential is cumbersome in the case of high order elements. This work shows that the system converges without explicit gauge condition when using the bi-conjugate gradient method. The performance of different elements is compared through an example