Magnetic properties of mild steel under conditions of biaxial stress

As part of a project examining various magnetic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods for residual stress that might be applied to low-carbon structural steels, some magnetization characteristics of 0.13%-C steel are presented for a range of applied fields and stresses. The range of stresses is uniaxial to 160 MPa (tensile and compressive, parallel to magnetization) and equal biaxial up to 160 MPa (tensile and compressive). The range of applied fields is 100-500 A/m. Quantities presented (graphically) are peak flux density, remanent flux density, coercive field, and differential permeability. Some anhysteretic magnetization results are given for equal biaxial stresses in addition to a brief description of the equipment that was used to make the measurements