Title :
Digital audio watermarking in the cepstrum domain
Author :
Lee, Sang-Kwang ; Ho, Yo-Sung
Author_Institution :
Kwangju Inst. of Sci. & Technol., South Korea
fDate :
8/1/2000 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
We propose a digital audio watermarking technique in the cepstrum domain. We insert a digital watermark into the cepstral components of the audio signal using a technique analogous to spread spectrum communications, hiding a narrow band signal in a wideband channel. In our method, we use pseudo-random sequences to watermark the audio signal. The watermark is then weighted in the cepstrum domain according to the distribution of cepstral coefficients and the frequency masking characteristics of the human auditory system. Watermark embedding minimizes the audibility of the watermark signal. The embedded watermark is robust to multiple watermarks, MPEG audio coding and additive noise
Keywords :
audio coding; cepstral analysis; copy protection; copyright; hearing; security of data; sequences; MPEG audio coding; additive noise; audio signal; cepstral coefficients distribution; cepstral components; cepstrum domain; copyright protection; digital audio watermarking; digital representation; frequency masking characteristics; human auditory system; multiple watermarks; narrow band signal hiding; pseudo-random sequences; spread spectrum communications; spread spectrum watermarking; watermark embedding; watermark signal audibility minimisation; wideband channel; Auditory system; Cepstral analysis; Cepstrum; Frequency; Humans; Narrowband; Noise robustness; Spread spectrum communication; Watermarking; Wideband;
Journal_Title :
Consumer Electronics, IEEE Transactions on