Printing telegraph operation of way wires

Although most commercial telegraph trunk circuits have been operated by printing telegraph methods for some years, Morse operation has been generally adhered to on way wires. Arrangements for operating way wires by printing telegraph have been developed, and are described. These include a polar simplex system, a neutral way-wire system, a code calling bell arrangement, and a multistation customers´ printer circuit that provides secrecy by preventing the connection of more than one customer´s printer to the line at a time. The paper also describes a new single-line repeater arranged to repeat polar as well as neutral signals, and a “dotter” for transmitting uniform test signals.