Reflection from elevated layers in the troposphere

Signals received beyond the normal horizon by partial reflection at an elevated layer of large vertical gradient of refractive index have been calculated using a high-speed computer. The results, obtained for wavelengths between 1 and 30m and for transmitter-receiver spacings of 100¿400km, are more extensive and accurate than those previously available. The received field strength is most sensitive to absolute changes in antenna height, is less sensitive to changes in layer height, and is least sensitive to absolute changes in transmitter-receiver spacing and the effective Earth radius.